Doctor Q&A: What Women Should Know About Pelvic Health

Pelvic health is a vital aspect of women’s overall well-being, yet it is often overlooked or stigmatized. In this Q&A, Dr. Aisha Tan, a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology in Singapore, shares essential insights into pelvic health, its impact on daily life, and how women can maintain optimal pelvic health at every stage of life.

Q: What does “pelvic health” refer to?

Dr. Tan:
Pelvic health encompasses the health of the muscles, ligaments, and organs within the pelvic region, including the bladder, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, rectum, and pelvic floor muscles. A healthy pelvic region is crucial for normal bladder and bowel function, sexual health, and, of course, reproduction. Issues with pelvic health can lead to various problems like urinary incontinence, pelvic pain, and difficulties during pregnancy or childbirth.

Q: What are some common pelvic health problems women face?

Dr. Tan:
There are several common conditions that affect women’s pelvic health. Some of the most prevalent include:

• Urinary incontinence: This is the involuntary loss of urine, often during activities like coughing, sneezing, or exercising. It is particularly common after childbirth or as women age.
• Pelvic organ prolapse: This occurs when the pelvic organs, such as the bladder or uterus, drop from their normal position due to weakened pelvic floor muscles.
• Pelvic pain: This can be caused by various conditions, including endometriosis, fibroids, or pelvic inflammatory disease.
• Painful intercourse (dyspareunia): This is often linked to vaginal dryness, pelvic floor dysfunction, or underlying conditions like endometriosis or fibroids.

It’s important to remember that many women experience these issues at some point in their lives, and seeking help from a gynecologist is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Q: How can women maintain pelvic health?

Dr. Tan:
Maintaining pelvic health starts with a few key practices that can be incorporated into daily life:

1. Pelvic floor exercises (Kegels): Regularly performing pelvic floor exercises can strengthen the muscles that support the bladder, uterus, and rectum. These exercises can help prevent urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.
2. Maintaining a healthy weight: Excess weight can put additional strain on the pelvic floor muscles, leading to conditions like incontinence and prolapse. A balanced diet and regular exercise can help maintain a healthy weight and support pelvic health.
3. Staying hydrated: Drinking plenty of water is essential for bladder health. Dehydration can irritate the bladder and lead to problems like urinary urgency.
4. Proper posture: Good posture reduces the pressure on your pelvic floor and can prevent pelvic pain and discomfort. Avoid sitting for long periods, and try to engage in activities that encourage good posture, like yoga.
5. Avoiding heavy lifting: Lifting heavy objects improperly can place undue stress on the pelvic floor muscles. Always use proper technique when lifting and avoid carrying overly heavy loads.

Q: At what point should women see a doctor about pelvic health concerns?

Dr. Tan:
It’s important to seek medical advice if you experience persistent symptoms like:

• Involuntary urine leakage
• Chronic pelvic pain
• Pain during intercourse
• Changes in menstrual cycle or vaginal bleeding
• Difficulty with bowel movements or urinary retention

Don’t feel embarrassed to seek help—pelvic health issues are common, and doctors are trained to address them with sensitivity and care. Early intervention can prevent conditions from worsening and improve your quality of life.

Q: Are there any lifestyle factors that affect pelvic health?

Dr. Tan:
Yes, several lifestyle factors can influence pelvic health. Smoking, for example, can weaken the connective tissues and pelvic floor muscles, leading to a higher risk of prolapse and incontinence. Excessive alcohol consumption can irritate the bladder, while a sedentary lifestyle may contribute to weakened pelvic muscles. On the other hand, regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy diet, and managing stress can all contribute to a healthier pelvic region.

Q: What should women know about pelvic health as they age?

Dr. Tan:
As women age, especially after childbirth or menopause, the pelvic floor muscles can weaken, leading to conditions like urinary incontinence or prolapse. Menopause also results in a decrease in estrogen, which can affect the vaginal tissues and pelvic health. However, there are treatments available, including physical therapy, medications, and surgical options, to manage these changes and maintain pelvic health well into later years.

Conclusion

Pelvic health is an integral part of overall wellness, and understanding how to maintain it is essential for every woman. From strengthening pelvic floor muscles through Kegel exercises to seeking timely medical advice for persistent symptoms, women can take proactive steps to preserve their pelvic health. If you’re ever unsure about your pelvic health, don’t hesitate to reach out to a gynecologist or specialist for advice and treatment.